Introduction to Ultrasonics

1). The word ultrasonic combines the Latin roots ultra, meaning beyond' and sonic, or sound. 

2). The sound waves having frequencies above the audible range i.e., above 20000Hz are called ultrasonic waves.

3). Generally, these waves are called as high frequency waves.

4). The field of ultrasonics have applications for imaging, detection and navigation.

5). The broad sectors of society that regularly apply ultrasonic waves sonic technology are the medical community, industry, the military and private citizens.

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Construction and working of Magnetostriction Generator

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Construction The Experiment arrangement in shown in Fig. XY is a rod of ferromagnetic materials like iron or nickel. The rod is clamped in the middle. The alternating magnetic field is generated by electronic oscillator. The coil L wound on the right-hand portion of the rod along with a variable capacitor C. This forms the resonant circuit of the collector tuned oscillator. The frequency of oscillator is controlled by the variable capacitor. The coil L2 wound on the left-hand portion of the rod is connected to the base circuit. The coil L2 acts as feed-back loop. Working When High Tension (H.T) battery is switched on, the collector circuit oscillates with a frequency, This alternating current flowing through the coil Li produces an alternating magnetic field along the length of the rod. The result is that the rod starts vibrating due to magneto strictive effect. The frequency of vibration of the rod is given by where, l = length of the rod, Y = Young's modulus of the rod material a
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